Depression

Symptoms

Symptoms of depression in children may vary depending on the child's age, but they can include changes in mood, behavior, and daily activities. Some common symptoms include:

• Persistent sadness or irritability
• Loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyed
• Changes in appetite and sleep patterns
• Difficulty concentrating
• Low self-esteem
• Feelings of hopelessness or helplessness
• Thoughts of suicide or self-harm

It is important to note that children may not always be able to express their feelings and may not report symptoms of depression. Therefore, it is important for parents, caregivers, and teachers to be aware of changes in behavior and to seek help if they suspect a child may be experiencing depression.

Causes

The causes of depression in children are not fully understood, but research suggests that it may be a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors.

• Genetic factors: Studies have shown that children who have a family history of depression are more likely to experience depression themselves.
• Biological factors: Research suggests that changes in the levels of certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine, may play a role in the development of depression.
• Environmental factors: Children who experience traumatic events, such as the loss of a loved one, bullying, or abuse, may be at increased risk of developing depression.
• Psychological factors: Children who have difficulty expressing their emotions, lack social support, or have negative thought patterns may be more likely to experience depression.